Diverticular Disease
Three key terms of diverticular disease:
- Diverticula: herniations (out pouchings) of mucosa or submucosa thru muscular layer in colon.
- Diverticulosis: presence of diverticula in colon.
- Diverticulitis: inflammation of diverticula, caused by pieces of stool trapped in the herniations.
Signs and symptoms of diverticular diseases include:
- Abdominal tenderness.
- Bloating.
- Fever.
- Nausea.
Risk factors of diverticular disease include anything that can increase pressure within the colon, such as:
- Low-fiber diet.
- Straining during bowel movements.
- Constipation.
Complications of diverticular disease include infection (diagnosed by elevated WBC counts) leading to diverticulitis andperitonitis.
- Diverticulitis leads to abscess in bowel wall.
- Abscess leads to intestinal obstruction.
- Obstruction leads to bowel perforation.
- Stool and gastric contents enter peritoneum.
If diagnosed with diverticulosis, the patient should avoid foods such as those with small seeds (e.g. raspberries), coarse grains, popcorn, and similar foods.